{"data":[{"id":"201","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Swedness Online 2021","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=8","short-description":"The school is aimed as an introduction for starting Ph.D. students and \r\ncovers an introduction to neutron scattering.This e-learning course is meant to be carried out in combination with classroom lectures in a blended learning setting.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron scattering"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:46.475Z","updated-at":"2024-12-21T11:30:49.904Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/swedness-online-2021"}},{"id":"200","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"HERCULES","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=7","short-description":"No short description available.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":[],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:46.249Z","updated-at":"2022-12-22T11:31:02.985Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/hercules"}},{"id":"199","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Neutron Scattering Library","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=6","short-description":"Learning material used for courses in e-neutrons.org\r\n\r\nLinks to Databases \u0026amp; Multimedia learning tools\r\n\r\nReviews and Handbooks.\r\n\r\nList of different schools (recordings or learning material).","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron scattering","neutron"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:45.997Z","updated-at":"2024-12-21T11:30:49.228Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/neutron-scattering-library"}},{"id":"198","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Introduction to Neutron Scattering","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=5","short-description":"Neutron scattering.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron scattering","neutron"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:45.768Z","updated-at":"2024-12-21T11:30:48.483Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/introduction-to-neutron-scattering"}},{"id":"197","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Advanced Topics in Neutron Scattering","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=4","short-description":"This course covers \"Advanced Topics in Neutron Scattering\".  The modules are stand-alone so you can take one or all and in any order you choose. Self-enrolment in this course is allowed.\r\n\r\nWe recommend that you complete the introductory course on neutron scattering before attempting to follow this modules in this course.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron scattering","neutron"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:45.536Z","updated-at":"2024-12-21T11:30:47.781Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/advanced-topics-in-neutron-scattering"}},{"id":"196","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"PaN-Training e-Learning","url":"https://pan-learning.org/moodle/course/view.php?id=1","short-description":"Welcome to the e-Learning platform\r\nThis e-Learning platform hosts free education and training for scientists and students.Below you will find courses on both the theory of photon and neutron scattering and how to use python code or software for data reduction and modelling.\r\n\r\nList of available courses.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["-learning platform hosts free education"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-05-03T15:03:45.287Z","updated-at":"2024-12-21T11:30:47.113Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"21","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"27","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/pan-training-e-learning"}},{"id":"194","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"The Wolter optics based neutron microscope","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwlNLHRAC4U","short-description":"Imaging with neutrons has seen strong development in the past two decades, driven by the rapid improvements in digital cameras and the ability to use the properties of the neutron to generate a variety of image contrasts. This webinar will give an overview of the start of the NIST neutron imaging program and how measurements have been augmented with a simultaneous X-ray source.  Discussion will focus on the current state of the art in neutron microscopy, and the outlook for the field with the nearly completed first neutron equivalent to Hooke’s microscope with lens based on Wolter optics.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron","Neutron imaging","neutron microscopy","Wolter optics"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":237,"firstname":"Daniel","lastname":"Hussey","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-27T13:40:15.666Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T13:40:15.666Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"23","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/the-wolter-optics-based-neutron-microscope"}},{"id":"193","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Neutrons for Magnetic Nanostructures on Surfaces: Beyond the Specular Intensity Wars","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7qTk8FjmQmo","short-description":"Polarized Neutron Reflectometry (PNR) is a great method to study magnetism of surface near structures on the nm scale. It is especially useful for functional materials and fundamentals of nano magnetism. The applications of the technique and the related grazing incidence scattering include multiferroic heterostructures, correlated electron systems, exchange bias, superconductors, magnetic nanoparticles and spin textures like skyrmions. Many of these systems have in common that the sample sizes are small, leading to intensity limited experiments. [...]","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["polarized neutron reflectometry","grazing incidence scattering","magnetic nanoparticles","GISANS"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":236,"firstname":"Artur","lastname":"Glavic","orcid":" 000-0000-3495-1235"}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[{"preferred-label":"polarized neutron reflectometry","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01243"},{"preferred-label":"grazing incidence small angle neutron scattering","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01276"}],"external-resources":[{"title":"Slides","url":"https://lens-initiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/2020-07-25_LENS_GrazingIncidence_publish.pdf","created-at":"2022-04-27T13:07:35.187Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T13:07:35.187Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"LENS page","url":"https://lens-initiative.org/2020/06/09/25-june-lens-webinar-with-artur-glavic-magnetic-nanostructures-on-surfaces/","created-at":"2022-04-27T13:07:35.191Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T13:07:35.191Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-27T13:07:35.185Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T13:10:03.542Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/neutrons-for-magnetic-nanostructures-on-surfaces-beyond-the-specular-intensity-wars"}},{"id":"192","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Neutrons4Science: Enter the world of neutrons! Just be curious!","url":"https://www.ill.eu/fr/users/support-labs-infrastructure/software-scientific-tools/neutrons4science","short-description":"Enter the world of neutrons! They are a powerful and highly acclaimed tool not only for the study of condensed matter (the world we live in) but also for confirming our current understanding of physics. What's more, you don't even need to be a scientist to use Neutrons4Science. Just be curious!\r\n\r\nNeutrons and protons are elementary particles constituting the nucleus of atoms. The neutron has no electric charge but has a spin and a magnetic moment. Neutron beams - like beams of X-rays, electrons or muons - are valuable tools for studying the multitude of materials that surround us in our daily lives (alloys, magnets, superconductors, polymers, colloids, proteins, biological systems, …). However, the way neutrons interact with matter is quite unique and, as a result, it can often reveal to us what is normally hidden. With Neutrons4Science you can discover one of the many types of neutron spectroscopy.\r\nThe neutron also answers questions on the very foundations of physics, helping us to solve some of the great mysteries of the universe (Is the Grand Unified Theory valid? Is there a fifth fundamental force? ...) As an example, Neutrons4Science gives you insights to a brand new method of neutron spectroscopy that takes advantage of the quantum states of this light neutral particle.\r\n\r\nNeutrons4Science lets you experience neutron science through three interactive 3D animations:\r\n• ThALES: Use a neutron spectrometer (ILL ThALES) as if you were performing a real experiment.\r\n• Magnons: Discover the spin waves that exist inside magnetic materials and understand how ThALES can observe them.\r\n• GRANIT: Discover an innovative gravitational spectrometer (ILL GRANIT) based on neutron quantum states in a gravitational field.\r\n\r\nThese three educational animations were developed with the help of scientists at the \"Institut Laue-Langevin\", one of the world's flagship facilities for neutron science.\r\n\r\nThis project was funded by the ILL and the LPSC and developed by Ipter (out of business since 2015).","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["neutron","ILL ThALES","neutron spectrometer","Magnons","gravitational spectrometer","GRANIT"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[{"id":71,"firstname":"Susan","lastname":"Tinniswood","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":72,"firstname":"Roland","lastname":"May","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":73,"firstname":"Valery","lastname":"Nesvizhevsky","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":74,"firstname":"Lucia","lastname":"Capogna","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":75,"firstname":"Miguel","lastname":"Angel Gonzalez","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":76,"firstname":"Leidy","lastname":"Hoyos","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":77,"firstname":"Jinyan","lastname":"Liu","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"}],"bauthors":[{"id":228,"firstname":"Alain","lastname":"Filhol","orcid":""},{"id":229,"firstname":"Martin","lastname":"Böehm","orcid":""},{"id":230,"firstname":"Dominique","lastname":"Rebreyand","orcid":""},{"id":231,"firstname":"Guillaume","lastname":"Pignol","orcid":""},{"id":232,"firstname":"Mathieu","lastname":"Ippersiel","orcid":""},{"id":233,"firstname":"Laurent","lastname":"Halter","orcid":""},{"id":234,"firstname":"Marie","lastname":"James","orcid":""},{"id":235,"firstname":"Yannick","lastname":"Raoul","orcid":""}],"target-audience":["general public"],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-27T12:42:43.145Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T12:44:53.534Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/neutrons4science-enter-the-world-of-neutrons-just-be-curious"}},{"id":"191","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"vDiffraction: A serious game about diffraction and crystals","url":"https://www.ill.eu/users/support-labs-infrastructure/software-scientific-tools/vdiffraction","short-description":"####  This game is a fun way to discover the world of crystals and their symmetries through diffraction.\r\n\r\nCrystals are all around us: in our environment (rocks and minerals, etc), in our bodies (sugar, bones, gallstones, etc.) and in technology (metals and alloys, silicon and quartz used for microelectronics, etc.). By successively discovering the diffraction of X-rays, neutrons and electrons, scientists in the twentieth century threw the door to the microscopic world wide open by demonstrating that crystals are made ​​up of atoms and molecules and explaining their structure.\r\n\r\nCrystals are characterised by the fact that their constituents are arranged in a highly ordered structure. This internal order and its symmetry is clearly visible in the diffraction patterns produced by any crystal. It is this symmetry which is also gives crystals their often amazing shapes, making them highly prized by rockhounds.\r\n\r\nWhether you are a senior scientist, a student, or just curious about science, vDiffraction is a serious game that will let you try your hand at crystal diffraction so that you can begin to understand how scientists identify the symmetry characteristics of a crystal. This is the first, crucial step towards understanding the atomic and molecular structure of a crystalline material, in other words what type of atoms and molecules make up the crystal and how they are organised.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["game","diffraction","crystal diffraction","software"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[{"id":65,"firstname":"Gervais","lastname":"Chapuis","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":66,"firstname":"Jean-Pierre","lastname":"Gaspard","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":67,"firstname":"Juan","lastname":"Rodriguez-Carvajal","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":68,"firstname":"Dominique","lastname":"Cornuéjols","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":69,"firstname":"Thibaud","lastname":"David","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"},{"id":70,"firstname":"Françoise","lastname":"Vauquois","orcid":"","contribtype":"Other"}],"bauthors":[{"id":225,"firstname":"Alain","lastname":"Filhol","orcid":""},{"id":226,"firstname":"Mathieu","lastname":"Ippersiel","orcid":""},{"id":227,"firstname":"Yannick","lastname":"Raoul","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[{"preferred-label":"crystallography","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01082"}],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-26T11:57:50.306Z","updated-at":"2022-04-27T12:43:07.567Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/vdiffraction-a-serious-game-about-diffraction-and-crystals"}},{"id":"190","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Machine learning in electronic-structure theory","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sgp0w74k9kQ","short-description":"Machine Learning approaches are increasingly being used across many fields of science, with electronic structure theory being no exception. They offer novel approaches to age-old problems. In recent years they have been used in construction of trial wavefunctions, in computing Hamiltonians, and in direct calculation of properties and forces.\r\n\r\nThese methods are highly versatile and computationally efficient, yet many questions regarding their interpretability and ability to extrapolate information remains unanswered.\r\n\r\nHow are they being used in electronic structure theory today, and how do they fit into the bigger picture? Would electronic structure theory have looked anything different if it was conceived in the age of machine learning? This seminar seeks to answer these kinds of questions, and was originally given as a trial lecture at the Hylleraas Centre of Quantum Molecular Sciences at the University of Oslo.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["machine learning","electronic-structure theory"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":224,"firstname":"Audun","lastname":"Skau Hansen","orcid":"0000-0003-0962-3143"}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-26T10:06:32.986Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T10:06:32.986Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/machine-learning-in-electronic-structure-theory"}},{"id":"189","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Seeing the chemistry in biology using neutron crystallography","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eL63fo5O-vk","short-description":"New developments in macromolecular neutron crystallography have led to an increasing number of structures published over the last decade. Hydrogen atoms, normally invisible in most X-ray crystal structures, become visible in neutron structures. Using X-rays allows one to see structure, while neutrons allow one to reveal the chemistry inherent in these macromolecular structures. A number of surprising and sometimes controversial results have emerged from recent neutron structures; because it is difficult to see or predict hydrogen atoms in X-ray structures, when they are seen by neutrons they can be in unexpected locations with important chemical and biological consequences. Here we describe examples of chemistry seen with neutrons for the first time in biological macromolecules over the past few years.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["macromolecular neutron crystallography","biological macromolecules","neutron"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":223,"firstname":"Matthew","lastname":"Blakeley","orcid":"0000-0002-6412-4358"}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[{"title":"Slides","url":"https://www.ill.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/ILL/2_News_Press_Events/Forthcoming-events/2021/210331_Scientific-Council-talk_Blakeley_slides.pdf","created-at":"2022-04-26T09:30:26.335Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:30:26.335Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Scientific article","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5360379/","created-at":"2022-04-26T09:30:26.332Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:31:01.310Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-26T09:30:26.330Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:30:26.330Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/seeing-the-chemistry-in-biology-using-neutron-crystallography"}},{"id":"188","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Neutron crystallography to inform drug design targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-vPWwh5NKs","short-description":"Talk from one of the ILL colloqia. See colloquia list at the bottom for other talks.\r\n\r\nCOVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, remains a global health threat after two years of the pandemic even with available vaccines and therapeutic options. The viral main protease (Mpro) is indispensable for the virus replication and thus is an important target for small-molecule antivirals. Computer-assisted and structure-based drug design strategies rely on atomic scale understanding of the target biomacromolecule traditionally derived from X-ray crystallographic data collected at cryogenic temperatures. Conventional protein X-ray crystallography is limited by possible cryo-artifacts and its inability to locate the functional hydrogen atoms crucial for understanding chemistry occurring in enzyme active sites. Neutrons are ideal probes to observe the protonation states of ionizable amino acids at near-physiological temperature, directly determining their electric charges – crucial information for drug design. Our room-temperature X-ray crystal structures of Mpro brought rapid insights into the reactivity of the catalytic cysteine, malleability of the active site, and binding modes with clinical protease inhibitors. The neutron crystal structures of ligand-free and inhibitor-bound Mpro were determined allowing the direct observation of protonation states of all residues in a coronavirus protein for the first time [1,2]. At rest, the catalytic Cys-His dyad exists in the reactive zwitterionic state (Fig. 1), with both Cys145 and His41 charged, instead of the anticipated neutral state. Covalent inhibitor binding results in modulation of the protonation states. This information was used to design nanomolar hybrid reversible covalent inhibitors with robust antiviral properties. High-throughput virtual screening, utilizing ORNL’s supercomputing capabilities, in conjunction with in vitro assays identified a lead noncovalent compound with sub-micromolar affinity. The neutron structure of Mpro in complex with the noncovalent inhibitor was used in a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study guided by virtual reality structure analysis to novel Mpro inhibitors with imporved affinity to the enzyme [3]. Our research is providing real-time data for atomistic design and discovery of Mpro inhibitors to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and prepare for future threats from pathogenic coronaviruses.\r\n\r\n[1] D.W. Kneller et al. Unusual zwitterionic catalytic site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease revealed by neutron crystallography. J. Biol. Chem.295, 17365-17373 (2020).\r\n\r\n[2] D.W. Kneller et al. Direct observation of protonation state modulation in SARS-CoV-2 main protease upon inhibitor binding with neutron crystallography. J. Med. Chem.64, 4991-5000 (2021).\r\n\r\n[3] D.W. Kneller et al. Structural, electronic and electrostatic determinants for inhibitor binding to subsites S1 and S2 in SARS-CoV-2 main protease. J. Med. Chem.64, 17366-17383 (2021).\r\n\r\nThe authors acknowledge support by the National Virtual Biotechnology Laboratory, US Department of Energy.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["COVID research","neutron","drug development","neutron crystallography"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":222,"firstname":"Andrey","lastname":"Kovalevskyi","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[{"title":"Slides","url":"https://www.ill.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/ILL/2_News_Press_Events/Forthcoming-events/Colloquia/220316_Kovalevsky-slides.pdf","created-at":"2022-04-26T09:28:22.198Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:28:22.198Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Colloquia list","url":"https://www.ill.eu/fr/news-press-events/events-calendar/colloquia","created-at":"2022-04-26T09:28:22.202Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:28:22.202Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-26T09:28:22.196Z","updated-at":"2022-04-26T09:33:48.745Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"20","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/neutron-crystallography-to-inform-drug-design-targeting-sars-cov-2-main-protease"}},{"id":"187","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Observation of the transition to metal hydrogen","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVt2sOUuNh0","short-description":"Video from the joint ESRF-ILL colloquia.\r\n\r\nUnderstanding how and when molecular solid hydrogen may transform into a metal has stimulated many theoretical works since the 30’s.\r\nIt is still an opened theoretical question and an experimental challenge. The quest for metal hydrogen has pushed major developments of modern experimental high pressure physics and still various claims of its observation have remained unconfirmed. In 2020, we observed and characterized the transition to metal hydrogen near 425 GPa at 80 K [1]. Very recently, the transition to metal deuterium has also been observed, showing a significant isotopic shift in pressure. In this talk, our experimental strategy will be presented as following three steps namely:\r\n1) Demonstrate the possibility to generate pressures well over 400 GPa ( that is the limit of the conventional Diamond Anvil Cell (DAC)) by loading hydrogen in the recently developed Toroidal-DAC[2];\r\n2) Exhibit a reliable non-intrusive signature of the insulator-metal phase transition, i.e. total IR absorption by using the IR synchrotron radiation at SOLEIL;\r\n3) Record combined infrared, Raman and visible observation measurements to disclose the physics at stake at the insulator-metal transition.\r\n\r\nOn-going experimental developments to further characterize the intriguing properties of metal hydrogen will be discussed.\r\n\r\n[1] Synchrotron infra-red spectroscopic evidence of the probable transition to metal hydrogen. P. Loubeyre, F. Occelli and P. Dumas.  Nature 577, 631 (2020).\r\n\r\n[2] Toroidal diamond anvil cell for fine measurements under extreme static pressures: data on Al, Ar and Au up to 603 GPa. A. Dewaele, P. Loubeyre, F. Occelli, O. Marie and M. Mezouar. Nature Com. 9, 2913 (2018).","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["metal hydrogen","high pressure","insulator-metal phase transition"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":221,"firstname":"Paul","lastname":"Loubeyre","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-25T09:22:19.485Z","updated-at":"2022-04-25T09:22:19.485Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"16","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/observation-of-the-transition-to-metal-hydrogen"}},{"id":"161","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"The European XFEL: start of user operation","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JcM41wYx_Fw","short-description":"Video from the joint ESRF-ILL colloquia.\r\n\r\nIn the past decade we have seen very important developments in the field of accelerator based X-ray user facilities, with the advent of 4th generation synchrotron sources and MHz rate free electron lasers.   The first hard X-ray free-electron laser, LCLS (US) became operational in 2009 and over the last decade four additional hard X-ray FELs have begun user operation. Among these, the Eu-XFEL is the first hard XFEL powered by a superconducting linear accelerator, which enables MHz rate pulse generation. A specificity of XFELs is their very short pulse duration (10-100fs) opening new scientific opportunities to probe matter at the atomic scale, with chemical selectivity and bulk sensitivity, and at the relevant timescales.\r\n\r\nAfter many years of construction, user operation at the Eu-XFEL ramped up gradually, and between 2017 and 2019 six instruments were delivered to the user community.  In this talk I will first briefly introduce the present performance of the facility in terms of electron and photon beam characteristics. I will then give an overview of recent science highlights and comment on some important challenges ahead.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["XFEL","free-electron laser"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":220,"firstname":"Sakura","lastname":"Pascarelli","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[{"title":"xfel site","url":"https://www.xfel.eu/","created-at":"2022-04-25T09:11:32.431Z","updated-at":"2022-04-25T09:11:32.431Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-25T09:11:32.430Z","updated-at":"2022-04-25T09:12:16.236Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"16","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/the-european-xfel-start-of-user-operation"}},{"id":"160","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Lecture Series \"Basics of Macromolecular 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3","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BgjuYW17zPQ","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.730Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.730Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 4","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4-1i_Aw1kaQ","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.732Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.732Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 5","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rcS7uGxkLpU","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.733Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.733Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 6","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUJ3nrsmbb8","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.735Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.735Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 7","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5tjUX8EP_c","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.737Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.737Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 8","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUsEvtBVIUs","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.739Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.739Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 9","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuG85T77AYM","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.740Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.740Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 10","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XhJOdvHZQYY","created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.742Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.742Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.723Z","updated-at":"2022-04-15T16:17:59.723Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":null},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/lecture-series-basics-of-macromolecular-crystallography"}},{"id":"159","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"FAIR Metadata Workshop","url":"https://vimeo.com/685211186","short-description":"Presentation of the ExPaNDS draft metadata framework for FAIR Photon and Neutron (PaN) data.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["FAIR","metadata","wp2-ExPaNDS"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":216,"firstname":"Abigail","lastname":"McBirnie","orcid":""}],"target-audience":["PaN Community","ExPaNDS and PaNOSC project members"],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-15T14:53:07.119Z","updated-at":"2022-08-25T12:08:15.069Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"5","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/fair-metadata-workshop"}},{"id":"158","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Cryo electron microscopy","url":"https://vimeo.com/317009040","short-description":"An introduction to the Diamond Light Source cryo-electron microscope 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3","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RmONWp-lj5A","created-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:38.000Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:38.000Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 4","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ppsB4_pavbE","created-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:38.002Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:38.002Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:37.996Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T15:20:37.996Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"30","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/introduction-to-the-practical-aspects-of-xas-and-exafs-data-measurement"}},{"id":"155","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"XAFS, EXAFS, and XANES tutorials","url":"https://xafs.xrayabsorption.org/tutorials.html","short-description":"xafs.xrayabsorption.org (also xafs.org) is a community site for x-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) and related spectroscopies. It is part of the web pages sponsored by the International XAFS Society, https://xrayabsorption.org/.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["xanes \u0026 exafs","xafs","exafs","xanes"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[{"preferred-label":"extended x-ray absorption fine structure","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01198"},{"preferred-label":"x-ray absorption fine structure","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01197"},{"preferred-label":"x-ray absorption near edge structure","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01199"}],"external-resources":[{"title":"Index page","url":"https://xafs.xrayabsorption.org","created-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.794Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.794Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"International X-ray Absorption Society site","url":"https://xrayabsorption.org/","created-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.797Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.797Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.792Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T14:03:57.792Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":null},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/xafs-exafs-and-xanes-tutorials"}},{"id":"154","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"JupyLabBook","url":"https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-beamlines/soleil-beamline-sirius/JupyLabBook","short-description":"A Jupyter Notebook used as an interactive lab book on the beamline SIRIUS (SOLEIL Synchrotron).","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["labbook","jupyter notebook","SIRIUS beamline"],"licence":"MIT","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":213,"firstname":"Arnaud","lastname":"Hemmerle","orcid":"0000-0003-1722-2024"}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[],"external-resources":[{"title":"Documentation","url":"https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-beamlines/soleil-beamline-sirius/JupyLabBook/-/blob/master/docs/JupyLabBook_User_Manual.pdf","created-at":"2022-04-14T13:44:15.778Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T13:44:15.778Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-14T13:44:15.777Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T14:32:38.036Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"2","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/jupylabbook"}},{"id":"153","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"JupyFluo","url":"https://gitlab.com/soleil-data-treatment/soleil-beamlines/soleil-beamline-sirius/JupyFluo","short-description":"JupyFluo is a Jupyter Notebook to analyze X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) experiments on the beamline SIRIUS at the synchrotron SOLEIL.\r\nThe notebook should be first set up by an Expert following the instructions in the \"Expert\" section. User can then follow the guidelines in the \"User\" section to start using the notebook. Please note that the notebook is currently in development. As such, be skeptical about any unexpected results.  Any feedback on the notebook or the code is welcome.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["X-ray fluorescence","jupyter notebook","SIRIUS beamline"],"licence":"MIT","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":212,"firstname":"Arnaud","lastname":"Hemmerle","orcid":"0000-0003-1722-2024"}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[{"preferred-label":"x-ray fluorescence","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01177"}],"external-resources":[],"created-at":"2022-04-14T13:39:55.492Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T13:41:40.122Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"2","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/jupyfluo"}},{"id":"152","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"Bruce Ravel XAS course 2011","url":"https://vimeo.com/340202552","short-description":"Bruce Ravel XAS course 2011\r\nIn November 2011 Bruce Ravel gave a course on the Demeter package at diamond.","doi":"","remote-updated-date":null,"remote-created-date":null,"keywords":["XAS","demeter","athena"],"licence":"notspecified","difficulty-level":"notspecified","bcontributors":[],"bauthors":[{"id":211,"firstname":"Bruce","lastname":"Ravel","orcid":""}],"target-audience":[],"scientific-topics":[{"preferred-label":"x-ray absorption spectroscopy","uri":"http://purl.org/pan-science/PaNET/PaNET01196"}],"external-resources":[{"title":"Part 2","url":"https://vimeo.com/340207346","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.550Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.550Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 3","url":"https://vimeo.com/340215763","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.552Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.552Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 4","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216087","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.554Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.554Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 5","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216134","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.556Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.556Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 6","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216236","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.558Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.558Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 7","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216282","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.559Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.559Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 8","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216310","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.561Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.561Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Part 9","url":"https://vimeo.com/340216190","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.563Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.563Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"XAS education materials","url":"https://github.com/bruceravel/XAS-Education","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.564Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.564Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Demeter github","url":"https://github.com/bruceravel/demeter","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.566Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.566Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"},{"title":"Demeter github.io","url":"https://bruceravel.github.io/demeter/","created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.567Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:19:45.366Z","api-url":null,"type":"other"}],"created-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.549Z","updated-at":"2022-04-14T10:17:45.549Z"},"relationships":{"user":{"data":{"id":"10","type":"users"}},"content-provider":{"data":{"id":"6","type":"content-providers"}},"nodes":{"data":[]}},"links":{"self":"/materials/bruce-ravel-xas-course-2011"}},{"id":"151","type":"materials","attributes":{"title":"The Braggs Legacy","url":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-jE7BM902Q","short-description":"The scientific and human story behind the past, present and future of one of the most important ever developments in science.\r\n\r\n100 years after it was first developed, crystallography is still a driving force of scientific discovery and innovation. 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